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A Synopsis Submitted to

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL TEACHERS TRAINING AND RESEARCH

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Brief Profile

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Tentative Title of Thesis	:

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Number
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Acronyms
1. Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Motivation
2. Literature Survey
2.1 Literature Survey
2.2 Gaps in the Literature
3. Proposed Research
3.1 Problem Definition
3.2 Objectives
3.3 Methodology
3.4 Expected Outcomes
3.5 Work Plan
List of References
List of Publications
Plagiarism Report

1. Introduction

The Introduction section introduces the main problem, explains its background with focus on major issues of its domain and finally clarifies why these issues are worthy of attention. Justification of why these issues are important should also be included. The introduction should seek to catch the readers' interest and it should be written in a style that can be easily understood by reader of any background.

1.1 First Paragraph

1.1.1

1.2 Second Paragraph

1.2.1 First sub-paragraph of the second paragraph

All the relevant references should be cited wherever required. The citation numbering should be strictly increasing and continuous as the synopsis is read.

This section is usually written in the present tense

2. Literature Survey

In this section, extensive review and documentation of the existing work relevant to the research problem is presented. It includes the motivation behind your work and gives a wide range of information about the problem you propose to solve. Literature review is, in a way, the deciding factor for the character of research. The evaluator must get a clear idea of all the study you have done by reading the literature review chapter.

Each work reviewed should be accompanied by comprehensive references which are then listed at the end of Synopsis. The Literature Survey may span multiple pages and can be split into various subsections or paragraphs and must comply with the format explained in the Introduction section.

This section is strictly written in third person and in the past tense. All the reviewed literature MUST follow a uniform format for naming the authors and how et al. is used. It is important to note that the way in which authors names appear in the literature, in the same way they must be listed in the respective reference. e.g.: In the example below, the authors full name is Rodrigo Roman, so if in literature R. Roman is used, the same should be mentioned in the references as in [1-3].

Literature Survey - Example R. Roman et al. [1] identified that traditional protection mechanisms of cryptography, security protocols, and privacy assurance were not sufficient for IoT and approaches for adaptations or entirely new designs were needed to accomplish IoT security goals. They listed some of the open problems like data and identity management, fault tolerance, user privacy, trust, and governance. Besides, they listed some efforts in this area by the government and standardization bodies like the ISO/IEC 14443, ISO/IEC 29192, IEC 62591 etc. but at the same time pointed out that much work was still required to build a robust and secure IoT. X. H. Dang et al. [2] proposed Probabilistic Packet Marking in IPv6 using edge sampling algorithm which was to write edge information instead of node information into the incoming packets. Their algorithm exploited the Flow Label field (20 bits) of IP header as marking field and divided this 20-bit field into 14-bit edge hash and 6-bit distance field. The routers marked the XOR of hash of its address and incoming mark in the packets with a fixed probability of 0.03. However, the reconstruction time and the number of false positives in this scheme increased rapidly with increase in attacker quantity. Another limitation of this approach was that the scheme relied on prior knowledge of the network topology and required a large number of attack packets to construct the attack path making it unsuitable to be used in situations when an attack is triggered with single or few packets. K. H. Choi and H. K. Dai [3] proposed a marking scheme where the Huffman algorithm was used to encode the interface number of routers. After encoding interfaces with Huffman algorithm, the codeword was reversed and appended to the IP packet as marking field. The scheme incurred less computational overhead for traceback, performed better if traffic distribution was unequal for each interface, and even supported traceback of DDoS attacks. In spite of the strengths of Huffman encoding, the scheme exhibited false positives at the time of attack path reconstruction. False positives occurred when two or more packets had the same message digest that acted as an index to log table. W. T. Strayer et al. [4] extended the SPIE architecture to provide accurate tracing of single IP packets through an IPv6 network. The work analyzed the packet digesting and transformations recording functions for both IPv4 as well as IPv6 networks. The authors argued that 28 bytes of IPv4 packet provided enough entropy to the digest function whereas in the case of IPv6 it was 1232 bytes. SPIE method suffered from the problem of false positives (in Bloom filter) and required massive router storage to store information of all incoming packets. Also, if the path reconstruction process was instigated after the routers refreshed their tables, a number of false negatives occurred and the victim was unable to construct the attack tree.

3. Proposed Research

3.1 Problem Definition

Explain the research problem by describing ideal state of affairs and back up with your assertions.

3.2 Objectives

Includes "WHAT TO" component of the proposed research i.e. what you plan to do to solve the problem stated in section 3.1 An objective is an intent of what the researcher wants to do in clear measurable terms. Basically, research objectives are goals to be achieved during the research.

Use these S.M.A.R.T. guidelines to try and develop your objectives:

Specific – avoid general statements, include detail about what you are going to do.

Measureable – there should be a definable outcome.

Achievable – be realistic in what you hope to cover, don’t attempt too much. A less ambitious but completed objective is better than an over-ambitious one that you cannot possible achieve.

Realistic – think about logistics. Are you practically able to do what you wish to do? Factors to consider include: time; expense; skills; access to sensitive information; participant’s consent; etc.

Time constrained – be aware of the time-frame of the project. - See more at:

Verbs to consider when writing learning objectives include, but are not limited to: analyze, detect, test, examine, focus, compare, classify, investigate, categorize, solve, calculate, experiment, identify, illustrate, inspect, relate, select, coordinate, select, decide, rate, debate, evaluate, justify, recommend, verify, monitor, appraise, assess, compare, conclude, contrast, plan, estimate, explain, interpret, relate, revise, create, design, present, deduce, induce, bring together, compose, pretend, predict, solve, organize, modify, improve, suppose, produce, set up, propose, formulate, arrange, assemble, categorize, collect, revise, combine, explain, generate, manage, perform, prepare, rearrange, reconstruct, relate, reorganize.

3.3 Methodology

Includes "HOW TO" component of the proposed research. It includes the methods that you intend to use and the reason for opting those methods.

3.4 Expected Outcomes

Gives an indication of what you expect to get out of research.

3.5 Work Plan

A work plan of work describes the various aspects of the study in a logical sequence. A Gantt Chart can be used to show the amount of work to be done in the duration of the Ph.D.

References

In this section, you should list all the references that you made throughout the synopsis, making sure that you comply with the referencing conventions. Following a uniform and correct reference style is important because a wrong style can cause your entire dissertation to be rejected, or at the least lowering of your grades. Below are given a few examples of references complying with the requirements of IEEE

Journal

[1] R. Roman, P. Najera and J. Lopez, "Securing the Internet of Things", Computer, vol. 44, no. 9, pp. 51-58, 2011.

[2] X. H. Dang, E. Albright and A. A. Abonamah, "Performance analysis of probabilistic packet marking in IPv6," Computer Communications., vol. 30, no. 16, pp. 3193–3202, 2007.

Conference Proceedings

[3] K. H. Choi and H. K. Dai, "A Marking Scheme using Huffman Codes for IP Traceback," 7th International Symposium Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks (SPAN’04), Hong Kong, China, May 2004, pp. 421-428.

[4] W. T. Strayer, C. E. Jones, F. Tchakountio and R. R. Hain, "SPIE-IPv6: Single IPv6 Packet Traceback," 29th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN’04), Tampa, Florida, USA, Nov. 2004, pp. 118-125.

Chapter in a Book

[5] S. Raza, C. Keppitiyagama and T. Voigt, "Security and Privacy in the IPv6-Connected Internet of Things," in Cyber-Physical Systems, FL, USA: CRC Press, 2016, pp. 241-258.

Book

[6] T. H. Cormen, C. E. Leiserson, R. L. Rivest and C. Stein, "Introduction to Algorithms," Cambridge, MA: MIT Press and Mc-Graw Hill, 2001.

Online Sources

[7] OWASP Internet of Things Project - OWASP, Owasp.org, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Internet_of_Things_Project. [Accessed: 03- May- 2017].

Thesis/Dissertations

[8] J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, 1993.

Plagiarism Report

The allowed plagiarism is below 20%.